Descriptive Statistics Calculator
Paste a dataset to get its main summary statistics in one place, including mean, median, mode, range, variance and standard deviation.
See the dataset summary
Enter your values, or try an example.
Your results and calculation will appear here.
Show calculation
How to use this calculator
- Paste a column from a spreadsheet or type a list of values.
- Calculate to see the summary metric grid.
- Compare mean and median and review the spread; a summary is not a test of your data model.
Worked example: test scores
data: 72, 78, 81, 81, 85, 94
Mean = 81.8333; Median = 81
These 6 observations have mean 81.8333, median 81 and range 22.
Example calculation
- n = 6; sum = 491; mean = sum / n = 81.8333.
- Squared-deviation sum Σ(x − mean)² = 270.8333.
- Population variance = 270.8333 / 6 = 45.1389; population SD = √variance = 6.7185.
- Sample variance = 270.8333 / 5 = 54.1667; sample SD = 7.3598.
Formula & assumptions
Mean = Σxᵢ / n; median = middle sorted value (average of the two middle values for even n); range = max − min.
- Each observation has equal weight.
- All tied most-frequent values are reported as modes; no mode is reported when every value occurs once.
- Sample variance and SD require at least two observations.
Sources
Reviewed: October 2026
Common questions
When should I compare the mean and median?
The mean uses every value, so extreme observations can shift it substantially. The median is the middle of the ordered data and is less sensitive to outliers. Comparing both can reveal whether unusually high or low values are affecting the average.
What if my data have more than one mode?
Every value tied for the highest frequency is a mode. This calculator reports all of them, rather than selecting one arbitrarily.
Use these tools for mathematical information, not as a substitute for checking assumptions. Read our methodology or disclaimer.